R900203851 DBDS2K2X/100力士樂溢流閥

武漢百士自動(dòng)化設(shè)備有限公司專注于液壓,、氣動(dòng)、工控自動(dòng)化備件銷售，熱誠歡迎新老客戶咨詢購買,！

溢流閥是一種液壓壓力控制閥,，在液壓設(shè)備中主要起定壓溢流作用，穩(wěn)壓,，系統(tǒng)卸荷和安全保護(hù)作用,。
定壓溢流作用：在定量泵節(jié)流調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)中，定量泵提供的是恒定流量,。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)壓力增大時(shí),，會(huì)使流量需求減小。此時(shí)溢流閥開啟,，使多余流量溢回油箱,，*證溢流閥進(jìn)口壓力，即泵出口壓力恒定（閥口常隨壓力波動(dòng)開啟）,。
穩(wěn)壓作用：溢流閥串聯(lián)在回油路上,，溢流閥產(chǎn)生背壓，運(yùn)動(dòng)部件平穩(wěn)性增加,。
系統(tǒng)卸荷作用：在溢流閥的遙控口串接溢小流量的電磁閥,，當(dāng)電磁鐵通電時(shí)，溢流閥的遙控口通油箱,，此時(shí)液壓泵卸荷,。溢流閥此時(shí)作為卸荷閥使用。
安全保護(hù)作用：系統(tǒng)正常工作時(shí),，閥門關(guān)閉,。只有負(fù)載超過規(guī)定的極限（系統(tǒng)壓力超過調(diào)定壓力）時(shí)開啟溢流，進(jìn)行過載保護(hù),，使系統(tǒng)壓力不再增加（通常使溢流閥的調(diào)定壓力比系統(tǒng)高工作壓力高10%～20%）,。
實(shí)際應(yīng)用中一般有：作卸荷閥用，作遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)壓閥,，作高低壓多*控制閥,，作順序閥，用于產(chǎn)生背壓（串在回油路上）,。
溢流閥一般有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1,、直動(dòng)型溢流閥 。2,、先導(dǎo)式溢流閥,。
對溢流閥的主要要求：調(diào)壓范圍大，調(diào)壓偏差小,，壓力振擺小,，動(dòng)作靈敏,，過載能力大，噪聲小,。
2注意事項(xiàng)
噪聲和振動(dòng)
液壓裝置中容易產(chǎn)生噪聲的元件一般認(rèn)為是泵和閥,，閥中又以溢流閥和電磁換向閥等為主。產(chǎn)生噪聲的因素很多,。溢流閥的噪聲有流速聲和機(jī)械聲二種,。流速聲中主要由油液振動(dòng)、空穴以及液壓沖擊等原因產(chǎn)生的噪聲,。機(jī)械聲中主要由閥中零件的撞擊和磨擦等原因產(chǎn)生的噪聲,。
（1）壓力不均勻引起的噪聲
先導(dǎo)型溢流閥的導(dǎo)閥部分是一個(gè)易振部位如圖3所示。在高壓情況下溢流時(shí),，導(dǎo)閥的軸向開口很小,，僅0.003～0.006厘米。過流面積很小,，流速很高,，可達(dá)200米/秒，易引起壓力分布不均勻,，使錐閥徑向力不平衡而產(chǎn)生振動(dòng),。另外錐閥和錐閥座加工時(shí)產(chǎn)生的橢圓度、導(dǎo)閥口的臟物粘住及調(diào)壓彈簧變形等,，也會(huì)引起錐閥的振動(dòng),。所以一般認(rèn)為導(dǎo)閥是發(fā)生噪聲的振源部位。
由于有彈性元件（彈簧）和運(yùn)動(dòng)質(zhì)量（錐閥）的存在,，構(gòu)成了一個(gè)產(chǎn)生振蕩的條件,，而導(dǎo)閥前腔又起了一個(gè)共振腔的作用，所以錐閥發(fā)生振動(dòng)后易引起整個(gè)閥的共振而發(fā)出噪聲,，發(fā)生噪聲時(shí)一般多伴隨有劇烈的壓力跳動(dòng),。
（2）空穴產(chǎn)生的噪聲
當(dāng)由于各種原因，空氣被吸入油液中,，或者在油液壓力低于大氣壓時(shí),，溶解在油液中的部分空氣就會(huì)析出形成氣泡，這些氣泡在低壓區(qū)時(shí)體積較大,，當(dāng)隨油液流到高壓區(qū)時(shí),，受到壓縮，體積突然變小或氣泡消失,；反之,，如在高壓區(qū)時(shí)體積本來較小，而當(dāng)流到低壓區(qū)時(shí),，體積突然增大,，油中氣泡體積這種急速改變的現(xiàn)象。氣泡體積的突然改變會(huì)產(chǎn)生噪聲,，又由于這一過程發(fā)生在瞬間,，將引起局部液壓沖擊而產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)。先導(dǎo)式溢流閥的導(dǎo)閥口和主閥口,，油液流速和壓力的變化很大,，很容易出現(xiàn)空穴現(xiàn)象，由此而產(chǎn)生噪聲和振動(dòng),。
（3）液壓沖擊產(chǎn)生的噪聲
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥在卸荷時(shí),，會(huì)因液壓回路的壓力急驟下降而發(fā)生壓力沖擊噪聲。愈是高壓大容量的工作條件,，這種沖擊噪聲愈大,，這是由于溢流閥的卸荷時(shí)間很短而產(chǎn)生液壓沖擊所致在卸荷時(shí)，由于油流速急劇變化,，引起壓力突變,，造成壓力波的沖擊。壓力波是一個(gè)小的沖擊波,，本身產(chǎn)生的噪聲很小,，但隨油液傳到系統(tǒng)中，如果同任何一個(gè)機(jī)械零件發(fā)生共振,，就可能加大振動(dòng)和增強(qiáng)噪聲,。所以在發(fā)生液壓沖擊噪聲時(shí)，一般多伴有系統(tǒng)振 動(dòng),。
（4）機(jī)械噪聲
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥發(fā)出的機(jī)械噪聲,，一般來自零件的撞擊和由于加工誤差等產(chǎn)生的零件磨擦。
在先導(dǎo)型溢流閥發(fā)出的噪聲中,，有時(shí)會(huì)有機(jī)械性的高頻振動(dòng)聲,，一般稱它為自激振動(dòng)聲。這是主閥和導(dǎo)閥因高頻振動(dòng)而發(fā)生的聲音,。它的發(fā)生率與回油管道的配置,、流量、壓力,、油溫（粘度）等因素有關(guān),。一般情況下，管道口徑小,、流量少,、壓力高、油液粘度低,，自激振動(dòng)發(fā)生率就高,。

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